Litaba - The Evolution of Steel Rails: From Industrial Revolution to Modern Infrastructure

Litšepe tsa tšepeli bile le karolo ea bohlokoa ho bopeng meralo ea motheo ea lefats'e, ho fetola phetoho ea lipalangoang le ho thusa kholo ea moruo.Ho tloha matsatsing a pele a Phetohelo ea Liindasteri ho fihlela mehleng ea kajeno, ho fetoha ha liporo tsa tšepe e bile bopaki ba bohlale ba motho le bokhoni ba boenjiniere.

Nalane ea liporo tsa tšepe e ka saloa morao ho tloha qalong ea lekholo la bo19 la lilemo ha tlhokahalo ea litsamaiso tse sebetsang hantle tsa lipalangoang e ne e hlohlelletsa ntlafatso ea literene.Pele ho sebelisoa liporo tsa tšepe, liporo tsa lepolanka li ne li atisa ho sebelisoa, empa li ne li atisa ho taboha, li fokotsa lebelo le matla a literene.Ho fihla ha liporo tsa tšepe ho ile ha tšoaea tsoelo-pele e khōlō, kaha li ne li fana ka nako e telele le matla a phahameng, ho lumella ho atolosoa ha marang-rang a literene le ho tsamaisa meroalo e boima.

Nakong ea Phetohelo ea Liindasteri, tlhahiso ea liporo tsa tšepe e bile le tsoelo-pele e kholo, ka lebaka la mekhoa e mecha ea ho etsa litšepe.Ts'ebetso ea Bessemer, e entsoeng lilemong tsa bo-1850, e ile ea fetola tlhahiso ea tšepe ka ho etsa hore ho be le lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa tšepe ea boleng bo phahameng ka theko e tlaase.Katleho ena e ile ea betla tsela bakeng sa ho amoheloa ha liporo tsa tšepe ka bongata, kaha li ile tsa fetoha tse theko e tlaase le tse fumanehang habonolo bakeng sa merero ea kaho ea terene.

The durability le tiisetso ealiporoli thusitse haholo ho nolofatsa kholo ea liindasteri le khoebo.Bokhoni ba liporo tsa tšepe ho mamella meroalo e boima le maemo a thata a tikoloho a entse hore e be tsa bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho tsamaisa thepa le bapalami ho pholletsa le libaka tse kholo.Ka lebaka leo, litsamaiso tsa literene li fetohile karolo ea bohlokoa moruong oa lefatše, li sebetsa e le mokhoa oa bophelo bakeng sa khoebo le khoebo.

Mehleng ea kajeno, tsoelo-pele ea liporo tsa tšepe e ntse e tsoela pele, e susumetsoa ke tsoelo-pele ea saense ea thepa le boenjiniere.Nts'etsopele ea li-alloys tsa tšepe tse matla a phahameng le mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea tlhahiso e matlafalitse ts'ebetso le nako e telele ea liporo tsa tšepe.Ditlhabololo tseno di kgontshitse kago ya mafaratlhatlha a diporo tsa lebelo le katoloso ya mafaratlhatlha a diporo go fitlhelela ditlhokego tsa lefatshe le le tlhabologang ka bonako.

Bohlokoa baliporo tsa tšepeka mekhoa ea morao-rao e ke ke ea feteletsoa.Li theha mokokotlo oa litsamaiso tsa lipalangoang, tse hokahanyang litoropo, libaka le linaha, le ho tsamaisa motsamao oa batho le thepa.Ho feta moo, liporo tsa tšepe li kenya letsoho matsapeng a ts'ebetso ka ho fana ka mokhoa o baballang matla oa lipalangoang, ho fokotsa tlhahiso ea khabone le ho fokotsa tšubuhlellano ea sephethephethe.

Ha re talima pele, bokamoso ba liporo tsa tšepe bo na le tšepiso ea tsoelo-pele e khōloanyane.Boiteko ba lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele bo tsepamisitse maikutlo ho matlafatseng ts'ebetso le botsitso ba litsamaiso tsa literene, ka ho toboketsa haholo ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso.Ho tloha ha ho amohelwa mahlale a matjha a diterene ho isa ho kenngweng tshebetsong ha ditharollo tsa meralo ya motheo e bohlale, phetoho ya diporo tsa tshepe e mothating wa ho tswela pele ho bopa maemo a dipalangwang le thepa.

Qetellong, tsoelo-pele ea liporo tsa tšepe e bile leeto le tsotehang, ho tloha qalong ea bona e bonolo nakong ea Phetoho ea Liindasteri ho ea ho karolo ea bona ea bohlokoa ho meralo ea motheo ea sejoale-joale.E le bopaki ba boqapi le tsoelo-pele ea batho, liporo tsa tšepe li fetotse tsela eo re hokahanyang le ho tsamaea ka eona, ho rala litsela bakeng sa bokamoso ba lipalangoang tse tsitsitseng le tse sebetsang hantle.